四,非金属氧化物 :q=%1~Idla
低价态的还原性: :q=%1~Idla
2SO2+O2===2SO3 :q=%1~Idla
2SO2+O2+2H2O===2H2SO4 :q=%1~Idla
(这是SO2在大气中缓慢发生的环境化学反应) :q=%1~Idla
SO2+Cl2+2H2O===H2SO4+2HCl :q=%1~Idla
SO2+Br2+2H2O===H2SO4+2HBr :q=%1~Idla
SO2+I2+2H2O===H2SO4+2HI :q=%1~Idla
SO2+NO2===SO3+NO :q=%1~Idla
2NO+O2===2NO2 :q=%1~Idla
NO+NO2+2NaOH===2NaNO2 :q=%1~Idla
(用于制硝酸工业中吸收尾气中的NO和NO2) :q=%1~Idla
2CO+O2===2CO2 :q=%1~Idla
CO+CuO===Cu+CO2 :q=%1~Idla
3CO+Fe2O3===2Fe+3CO2 :q=%1~Idla
CO+H2O===CO2+H2 :q=%1~Idla
氧化性: :q=%1~Idla
SO2+2H2S===3S+2H2O :q=%1~Idla
SO3+2KI===K2SO3+I2 :q=%1~Idla
NO2+2KI+H2O===NO+I2+2KOH :q=%1~Idla
(不能用淀粉KI溶液鉴别溴蒸气和NO2) :q=%1~Idla
4NO2+H2S===4NO+SO3+H2O :q=%1~Idla
2NO2+Cu===4CuO+N2 :q=%1~Idla
CO2+2Mg===2MgO+C :q=%1~Idla
(CO2不能用于扑灭由Mg,Ca,Ba,Na,K等燃烧的火灾) :q=%1~Idla
SiO2+2H2===Si+2H2O :q=%1~Idla
SiO2+2Mg===2MgO+Si :q=%1~Idla
3,与水的作用: :q=%1~Idla
SO2+H2O===H2SO3 :q=%1~Idla
SO3+H2O===H2SO4 :q=%1~Idla
3NO2+H2O===2HNO3+NO :q=%1~Idla
N2O5+H2O===2HNO3 :q=%1~Idla
P2O5+H2O===2HPO3 :q=%1~Idla
P2O5+3H2O===2H3PO4 :q=%1~Idla
(P2O5极易吸水,可作气体干燥剂 :q=%1~Idla
P2O5+3H2SO4(浓)===2H3PO4+3SO3) :q=%1~Idla
CO2+H2O===H2CO3 :q=%1~Idla
4,与碱性物质的作用: :q=%1~Idla
SO2+2NH3+H2O===(NH4)2SO3 :q=%1~Idla
SO2+(NH4)2SO3+H2O===2NH4HSO3 :q=%1~Idla
(这是硫酸厂回收SO2的反应.先用氨水吸收SO2, :q=%1~Idla
再用H2SO4处理: 2NH4HSO3+H2SO4===(NH4)2SO4+2H2O+2SO2 :q=%1~Idla
生成的硫酸铵作化肥,SO2循环作原料气) :q=%1~Idla
SO2+Ca(OH)2===CaSO3+H2O :q=%1~Idla
(不能用澄清石灰水鉴别SO2和CO2.可用品红鉴别) :q=%1~Idla
SO3+MgO===MgSO4 :q=%1~Idla
SO3+Ca(OH)2===CaSO4+H2O :q=%1~Idla
CO2+2NaOH(过量)===Na2CO3+H2O :q=%1~Idla
CO2(过量)+NaOH===NaHCO3 ^jo*e,y:
CO2+Ca(OH)2(过量)===CaCO3+H2O ^jo*e,y:
2CO2(过量)+Ca(OH)2===Ca(HCO3)2 ^jo*e,y:
CO2+2NaAlO2+3H2O===2Al(OH)3+Na2CO3 ^jo*e,y:
CO2+C6H5ONa+H2O===C6H5OH+NaHCO3 ^jo*e,y:
SiO2+CaO===CaSiO3 ^jo*e,y:
SiO2+2NaOH===Na2SiO3+H2O ^jo*e,y:
(常温下强碱缓慢腐蚀玻璃) ^jo*e,y:
SiO2+Na2CO3===Na2SiO3+CO2 ^jo*e,y:
SiO2+CaCO3===CaSiO3+CO2 ^jo*e,y:
^jo*e,y:
^jo*e,y:
^jo*e,y:
六,含氧酸 ^jo*e,y:
1,氧化性: ^jo*e,y:
4HClO3+3H2S===3H2SO4+4HCl ^jo*e,y:
HClO3+HI===HIO3+HCl ^jo*e,y:
3HClO+HI===HIO3+3HCl ^jo*e,y:
HClO+H2SO3===H2SO4+HCl ^jo*e,y:
HClO+H2O2===HCl+H2O+O2 ^jo*e,y:
(氧化性:HClO>HClO2>HClO3>HClO4, ^jo*e,y:
但浓,热的HClO4氧化性很强) ^jo*e,y:
2H2SO4(浓)+C===CO2+2SO2+2H2O ^jo*e,y:
2H2SO4(浓)+S===3SO2+2H2O ^jo*e,y:
H2SO4+Fe(Al) 室温下钝化 ^jo*e,y:
6H2SO4(浓)+2Fe===Fe2(SO4)3+3SO2+6H2O ^jo*e,y:
2H2SO4(浓)+Cu===CuSO4+SO2+2H2O ^jo*e,y:
H2SO4(浓)+2HBr===SO2+Br2+2H2O ^jo*e,y:
H2SO4(浓)+2HI===SO2+I2+2H2O ^jo*e,y:
H2SO4(稀)+Fe===FeSO4+H2 ^jo*e,y:
2H2SO3+2H2S===3S+2H2O ^jo*e,y:
4HNO3(浓)+C===CO2+4NO2+2H2O ^jo*e,y:
6HNO3(浓)+S===H2SO4+6NO2+2H2O ^jo*e,y:
5HNO3(浓)+P===H3PO4+5NO2+H2O ^jo*e,y:
6HNO3+Fe===Fe(NO3)3+3NO2+3H2O ^jo*e,y:
4HNO3+Fe===Fe(NO3)3+NO+2H2O ^jo*e,y:
30HNO3+8Fe===8Fe(NO3)3+3N2O+15H2O ^jo*e,y:
36HNO3+10Fe===10Fe(NO3)3+3N2+18H2O ^jo*e,y:
30HNO3+8Fe===8Fe(NO3)3+3NH4NO3+9H2O ^jo*e,y:
2,还原性: ^jo*e,y:
H2SO3+X2+H2O===H2SO4+2HX ^jo*e,y:
(X表示Cl2,Br2,I2) ^jo*e,y:
2H2SO3+O2===2H2SO4 ^jo*e,y:
H2SO3+H2O2===H2SO4+H2O ^jo*e,y:
5H2SO3+2KMnO4===2MnSO4+K2SO4+2H2SO4+3H2O ^jo*e,y:
H2SO3+2FeCl3+H2O===H2SO4+2FeCl2+2HCl ^jo*e,y:
3,酸性: ^jo*e,y:
H2SO4(浓) +CaF2===CaSO4+2HF ^jo*e,y:
H2SO4(浓)+NaCl===NaHSO4+HCl ^jo*e,y:
H2SO4(浓) +2NaCl===Na2SO4+2HCl ^jo*e,y:
H2SO4(浓)+NaNO3===NaHSO4+HNO3 ^jo*e,y:
3H2SO4(浓)+Ca3(PO4)2===3CaSO4+2H3PO4 ^jo*e,y:
2H2SO4(浓)+Ca3(PO4)2===2CaSO4+Ca(H2PO4)2 ^jo*e,y:
3HNO3+Ag3PO4===H3PO4+3AgNO3 ^jo*e,y:
2HNO3+CaCO3===Ca(NO3)2+H2O+CO2 ^jo*e,y:
(用HNO3和浓H2SO4不能制备H2S,HI,HBr,(SO2) ^jo*e,y:
等还原性气体) ^jo*e,y:
4H3PO4+Ca3(PO4)2===3Ca(H2PO4)2(重钙) ^jo*e,y:
H3PO4(浓)+NaBr===NaH2PO4+HBr ^jo*e,y:
H3PO4(浓)+NaI===NaH2PO4+HI ^jo*e,y:
4,不稳定性: ^jo*e,y:
2HClO===2HCl+O2 ^jo*e,y:
4HNO3===4NO2+O2+2H2O ^jo*e,y:
H2SO3===H2O+SO2 ^jo*e,y:
H2CO3===H2O+CO2 ^jo*e,y:
H4SiO4===H2SiO3+H2O ^jo*e,y:
^jo*e,y:
^jo*e,y:
^jo*e,y:
七,碱 ^jo*e,y:
低价态的还原性: ^jo*e,y:
4Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O===4Fe(OH)3 ^jo*e,y:
与酸性物质的作用: ^jo*e,y:
2NaOH+SO2(少量)===Na2SO3+H2O ^jo*e,y:
NaOH+SO2(足量)===NaHSO3 ^jo*e,y:
2NaOH+SiO2===NaSiO3+H2O ^jo*e,y:
2NaOH+Al2O3===2NaAlO2+H2O ^jo*e,y:
2NaOH+Cl2===NaCl+NaClO+H2O ^jo*e,y:
NaOH+HCl===NaCl+H2O ^jo*e,y:
NaOH+H2S(足量)===NaHS+H2O ^jo*e,y:
2NaOH+H2S(少量)===Na2S+2H2O ^jo*e,y:
3NaOH+AlCl3===Al(OH)3+3NaCl ^jo*e,y:
NaOH+Al(OH)3===NaAlO2+2H2O ^jo*e,y:
(AlCl3和Al(OH)3哪个酸性强?) ^jo*e,y:
NaOH+NH4Cl===NaCl+NH3+H2O ^jo*e,y:
Mg(OH)2+2NH4Cl===MgCl2+2NH3.H2O ^jo*e,y:
Al(OH)3+NH4Cl 不溶解 ^jo*e,y:
3,不稳定性: ^jo*e,y:
Mg(OH)2===MgO+H2O ^jo*e,y:
2Al(OH)3===Al2O3+3H2O ^jo*e,y:
2Fe(OH)3===Fe2O3+3H2O ^jo*e,y:
Cu(OH)2===CuO+H2O ^jo*e,y:
八,盐 ^jo*e,y: